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TESTING SITES. The map represents the current cover crop variety testing sites. The location pins in purple are university testing sites and the ones in blue are on-farm sites. The Center for Regenerative Agriculture hopes to continue expanding its variety testing efforts across the nation. CRA

Researchers Breeding Covers for Targeted Benefits, Specific Environments

From cereal rye with higher levels of weed-controlling allelochemicals to hairy vetch that germinates in the first year, scientists are working to breed better cover crops

TAKEAWAYS

  • If a cover crop seeding fails, investigate it rather than blaming cover crops in general for not working.
  • Do some research in the market and in your home base to find cover crop varieties that may work best in your climate.
  • Watch for development of varieties of certain cover crop species for traits such as allelopathy, hard-seededness or root development.

Rob Myers never wants a farmer to believe that cover crops won’t work for their area. 

“You have to tweak the management, you have to think about what’s the right cover crop, the right timing for the system,” says the director of the Center for Regenerative Agriculture at the Univ. of Missouri. “But they will work.”

To help farmers find success with the practice, the Center is leading a multi-partner National Cover Crop Variety Improvement and Seed Production Program, with the objectives of both improving cover crop varieties through breeding efforts and testing them on a nationwide scale to identify which ones perform best for each region. 

At the 2026 National No-Tillage Conference in St. Louis, Myers shared some of the results they’ve seen since the project launched, as well as some strategies to maximize cover crops’ use and profitability.

Breeding New Varieties

One of the challenges with cover crops today is that a lot of seed being sold is Variety Not Stated (VNS). 

“We don’t have enough name varieties that are locally adapted where we know the traits and how they’re going to perform in those areas,” Myers…

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Laura allen

Laura Barrera

Laura Barrera is the former managing editor of No-Till Farmer and Conservation Tillage Guide magazines. Prior to joining No-Till Farmer, she served as an assistant editor for a greenhouse publication. Barrera holds a B.A. in magazine journalism from Ball State University.

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